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Commonly used materials and processes for automobile frames
Release time:
2023-04-25
Commonly used materials for skeletons mainly include steel, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy.
Steering wheel frames of different materials
The all-steel frame has high strength, hardness and good toughness, but its disadvantage is firstly that the hardness is relatively high and it is difficult to be formed by simple pressure processing. It is usually made by welding the rim, spokes and hub; secondly, the process The technical level of workers is high, the precision is poor, and the degree of scale is low. Finally, carbon steel has a high density and a low vibration damping coefficient, which is not conducive to lightweighting the car. However, all-steel frames are still widely used in heavy-duty vehicles and other vehicles with high strength requirements and harsh working environments.
The damping coefficient of the aluminum alloy frame is small and the damping performance is poor, which is an unfavorable factor restricting the development of the aluminum alloy steering wheel frame. In contrast, magnesium alloy has a low density, is 3/4 lighter than steel and 1/3 lighter than aluminum, and has good vibration reduction, noise absorption and damping properties. The use of magnesium alloys on steering wheels can comply with the development needs of lightweight and energy-saving automobile structures. At the same time, magnesium alloy has excellent safety performance. In the event of a collision, the magnesium alloy steering wheel can absorb more energy and ensure the safety of the driver. Therefore, it has properties that are unmatched by traditional steering wheel frame materials such as low carbon steel, engineering plastics, and aluminum alloys. Advantage. At present, the application of magnesium alloy skeleton has become mainstream.
The aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy frames are formed by pressure casting, and the die-casting process is as shown in the figure. The principle is that under the action of high pressure, liquid or semi-liquid metal fills the cavity of the die-casting mold at a high speed and solidifies under pressure. The products manufactured by the die-casting process have good quality, high productivity, and excellent economic benefits. However, die-casting is more difficult for concave and complex castings.
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